Bioethical implications of human gene editing: an integrative review

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the bioethical implications of gene editing in human cells using the
CRISPR-Cas9 technique. An integrative literature review was conducted, encompassing scientific
articles published in the last five years and available on the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher
Education Personnel journal portal. In total, 12 articles were analyzed, and the results highlighted
concerns regarding the impossibility of obtaining consent from unborn individuals, the unknown risks
of hereditary genetic modifications, and the need to ensure universal access to the benefits of gene
editing. These findings were discussed in light of bioethical principles, drawing on key documents
that guide research and clinical procedures in humans. The study concluded that the main bioethical
implications identified concern informed consent, human dignity, the risks and benefits of gene editing,
and equitable access to scientific advances.